Ravenna Mosaics: 8 must-see sites and history explained

Ravenna is a city famous for its stunning mosaics, which date back to the early Christian and Byzantine periods. Eight of its monuments are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

In this guide, discover Ravenna's rich history, its breathtaking mosaics, and tips on how to visit them.

The history of Ravenna

Ravenna has a fascinating past.

In the 5th century, it became the capital of the Western Roman Empire. Later, it was ruled by the Ostrogoths and the Byzantines.

These empires influenced the city’s art and architecture.

Between the 5th and 7th centuries, artisans created beautiful mosaics that survive today. They tell stories of faith, power, and history.

Ravenna mosaics

Ravenna is home to some of the world’s most famous mosaics.
Let’s explore the most important sites filled with art, history, and faith.

Basilica of San Vitale

The Basilica of San Vitale is a masterpiece of Byzantine art. Its walls shine with mosaics of Emperor Justinian and Empress Theodora, surrounded by their courts. The bright colors and gold accents are unforgettable.

Mausoleum of Galla Placidia

The Mausoleum of Galla Placidia is small but breathtaking. Inside, the ceiling glows with golden stars in a deep blue sky.

The mosaic of the Good Shepherd, showing Christ surrounded by sheep, is a symbol of care and guidance.

Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo

The Basilica of Sant’Apollinare Nuovo is famous for its long mosaics.

On one side, martyrs walk toward Christ.
On the other, virgins approach Mary with the baby Jesus. The gold background makes the figures look divine.

Neonian Baptistery

The Neonian Baptistery is one of Ravenna’s oldest monuments.

Its dome shows Christ's baptism in the River Jordan. He is surrounded by the apostles. The blue, gold, and white colors create a magical scene

Arian Baptistery

The Arian Baptistery is smaller but equally special. Its dome also shows Christ’s baptism. This artwork reflects the beliefs of the Arian Christians, who ruled the city under King Theodoric.

Basilica of Sant’Apollinare in Classe

The Basilica of Sant’Apollinare in Classe stands outside Ravenna. Its apse features a large cross against a starry sky.

Below, Saint Apollinaris, the city’s first bishop, is surrounded by peaceful green pastures.

Archiepiscopal Chapel (S. Andrew Chapel)

The Archiepiscopal Chapel, or St. Andrew Chapel, was built for Ravenna’s bishops.

Its mosaics show Christ as a warrior, defeating evil forces. This mix of religious and military themes makes it unique.

How to visit Ravenna mosaics

Ravenna has eight UNESCO World Heritage Sites:

1. Basilica of San Vitale
2. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia
3. Basilica of Sant’Apollinare Nuovo
4. Neonian Baptistery
5. Arian Baptistery
6. Archiepiscopal Chapel (St. Andrew Chapel)
7. Mausoleum of Theodoric
8. Basilica of Sant’Apollinare in Classe

How to see the mosaics in Ravenna?

To fully experience Ravenna’s mosaics:

• Start at San Vitale, where Justinian and Theodora’s famous mosaics await.
• Enter the Mausoleum of Galla Placidia to see its starry ceiling.
• Visit the Neonian Baptistery, where Christ’s baptism glows in color.
• Admire the processions of saints at Sant’Apollinare Nuovo.
• Travel to Sant’Apollinare in Classe, where peace and faith shine in mosaic form.

Want to learn how these masterpieces were created?
Try a mosaic workshop in Ravenna and create your own mosaic art!

Consider joining a guided tour for in-depth insights.
Book a Ravenna tour to explore the mosaics and taste the cuisine with a local expert!

Practical tips for visiting

• Opening Hours: Times change by season. Verify details beforehand on the official Ravenna Mosaic website.
• Tickets: Get the combo ticket to visit multiple sites.
• Best Time to Visit: Spring and autumn have mild weather and fewer crowds. All mosaics are indoor so travel off-season means fewer people to better enjoy the mosaics.

After a day of exploring, relax at one of the city's best dining spots.
Find the best restaurants in Ravenna and enjoy delicious local cuisine.

Ravenna’s mosaics are a treasure of history and art.
Plan your visit and immerse yourself in a world of shimmering colors, ancient stories, and timeless beauty.

Photo credits: Angel de los Rios @Creative Commons